What color are the pavement markings for taxiways, closed areas, and holding positions?

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The pavement markings for taxiways, closed areas, and holding positions are yellow. This color is specifically designated for marking taxiways to enhance visibility and distinguish them from other surfaces on the airport. Yellow markings help pilots identify where they can taxi and where they should stop or hold, which is crucial for safe navigation on the ground. This color coding aligns with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations, which ensure uniformity and clarity across airports.

In contrast, white markings are typically used for runways and other standard zone markings, while green is often used for signage related to the taxiways or as a backdrop for certain informational signs. Black may refer more to the asphalt surface itself and is not utilized for marking specific areas on airport pavement. Thus, yellow is the correct choice for identifying these critical areas in air traffic management.